THC

THC Dosing for Dogs: Is There Any Safe Level?

Posted on by TJ

Hemp-based pet products have garnered more attention in recent years as potential treatments for overactive and over-anxious pets. But with so many full-spectrum products on the market, Some dog owners are starting to wonder if they can dose their dogs with THC to help with their pain.  Is there a correct THC dose for dogs? What benefits or risks do cannabis-based products pose to canines? In this article, we’ll review how THC affects dogs and explore the question: is there a safe THC dosage for dogs? 

Key Takeaways

  1. Dogs are more sensitive to THC than humans and can more easily suffer the consequences of overdose if not careful. 
  2. Full-spectrum CBD products are a safer option for your dog than THC products. 
  3. If you suspect that your dog consumed too much THC, call your vet immediately. 

What is THC and How Does it Affect Dogs?

THC, short for tetrahydrocannabinol, is one of the main compounds found in cannabis and hemp that produces psychoactive effects. Dogs have more CB1 cannabinoid receptors in their brain than humans, meaning they are more sensitive to THC. 1

This increased sensitivity to the psychoactive effects underscores the importance of understanding THC dosing for dogs. 

THC Toxicity In Dogs

Because dogs metabolize THC differently than humans, they are more vulnerable to THC toxicity and overdosing. More often than not, a dog will overdose on THC and experience “toxicity” when it finds and eats its owner’s cannabis edibles. 

In most cases, veterinarians will call the dog’s symptoms “THC toxicity.” However, the dog is likely just intoxicated. While this may seem like a semantic argument, toxicity indicates something or someone is in danger. Intoxication, on the other hand, just means that the dog is under the influence of THC’s psychoactive effects (still no fun for the dog who doesn’t understand what’s going on!)

Is THC Safe for Dogs?

When used properly, trace amounts of THC, like those found in hemp-derived products, can be safe for canine consumption. In small amounts, THC won’t produce any psychoactive effects in your dog, just like full-spectrum CBD oil won’t intoxicate you when used properly. 

Higher doses of THC (>1mg), like those found in cannabis and hemp-derived THC products, are not safe for dogs. 

How to Determine the Proper Dosage of THC for Dogs

Without being able to communicate with your dog, determining the proper dosage of THC for your dog is going to be impossible. A better way to frame this question is: What’s the most THC my dog can tolerate safely? The answer is that there’s no “one size fits all” approach. Your dog’s tolerance will depend on their weight, breed, condition, and individual tolerance built up over time.

Guidelines for Dosage of THC for Dogs:

  • Try not to exceed 0.5mg of THC per 10 lbs of body weight. Most pet CBD formulations should keep you far from that threshold. 
  • Monitor the dog closely for discomfort or negative side effects (e.g., anxiety, disorientation, excessive lethargy).

We recommend trying out Sunset Lake’s 600mg Full Spectrum Pet CBD Oil if you want to give your dog a CBD product that contains trace amounts of THC. If used according to our suggestion, you should stay safely under that 0.5mg/10lbs threshold. 

Signs of THC Overdose in Dogs

Because of dogs’ heightened sensitivity to THC, an overdose can happen more easily than it can in people. Knowing the signs of an overdose is critical for ensuring your dog’s well-being. 

Common Symptoms of Overdose:

  • Disorientation or confusion
  • Loss of coordination (stumbling, trouble standing)
  • Vomiting or excessive drooling
  • Tremors or muscle twitching
  • Dilated pupils
  • Excessive lethargy or unconsciousness
  • Urinary incontinence 

If you suspect that your dog has consumed too much THC, call your veterinarian for further instructions. They will tell you how to proceed based on what you’re observing in your dog. 

Canine Cannabis: Final Thoughts

While dosing your dog with THC may present some therapeutic benefits, you should approach it cautiously. Always opt for full-spectrum CBD products designed for pets over THC products for your dog.

Sources: 

  1. Gyles, Carlton. “Marijuana for pets?.” The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne vol. 57,12 (2016): 1215-1218.

Can You Get High Off CBD?

Posted on by TJ

CBD, a cannabinoid touted for its relaxation and sleep benefits, is a popular choice among the holistic health community. Unlike THC, another well-known cannabinoid, CBD isn’t psychoactive, but some users report experiencing euphoric feelings. What gives? In this blog post, we’ll explore CBD’s less-discussed side effects and answer the question: Can you get high off CBD?

Key Takeaways

  1. CBD is different than full-spectrum CBD.
  2. Full-spectrum CBD products contain trace amounts of THC.
  3. If you take enough full-spectrum CBD, it’s possible to consume enough THC to feel its intoxicating effects.

Table Of Contents

Continue reading “Can You Get High Off CBD?”

THC-P: The Next Generation of Cannabis Compounds

Posted on by TJ

The world of cannabis research is constantly evolving, with new discoveries emerging all the time. One name generating a lot of buzz lately is THC-P, a recently identified cannabinoid that has captured the attention of scientists and consumers alike. But before you jump on the bandwagon, it’s important to understand what THC-P is and what the science tells us – and doesn’t tell us – about its potential benefits.

THC-P belongs to a class of chemical compounds called cannabinoids, found naturally in the cannabis plant. These cannabinoids interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system, a network of receptors that plays a crucial role in regulating mood, sleep, and our response to stress. While THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is the most well-known cannabinoid, research suggests THC-P shares some similar properties, but with a unique twist.

Delving Deeper: Structure and Potency

The structure of THC-P differs slightly from THC, with an additional phosphate group attached to its molecular chain. This seemingly small difference may hold the key to THC-P’s potential potency. Early research suggests THC-P may bind more readily to the CB1 receptors in the endocannabinoid system compared to THC. These receptors are concentrated in areas of the brain associated with pain perception, mood, and memory. While more research is needed, this potential for stronger binding could translate to a more pronounced effect on the body.

A Historical Look at Relaxation

For centuries, people have sought natural remedies to ease stress and promote relaxation. Ancient cultures utilized various plants and herbs believed to possess calming properties. Today, science is helping us understand the mechanisms behind these traditional practices. Cannabinoids like CBD and THC have emerged as promising tools for relaxation, and THC-P’s potential to bind more effectively with CB1 receptors has some speculating it could be even more powerful.

However, it’s important to remember that relaxation is a multifaceted experience. While certain cannabinoids may offer physiological support, true relaxation often flourishes through a combination of factors. Getting regular exercise, prioritizing quality sleep, and engaging in activities you enjoy are all essential for cultivating a sense of calm and well-being.

Potential Benefits: Relaxation and Beyond

The potential therapeutic benefits of THC-P are a subject of ongoing investigation. Some studies suggest THC-P, like THC, may offer relief from pain and inflammation. Additionally, due to its potential interaction with the CB1 receptors, THC-P might hold promise for promoting relaxation and stress relief. Early anecdotal evidence even suggests THC-P could have mood-boosting properties, potentially enhancing those moments of joy we all cherish.

However, it’s important to remember that THC-P research is still in its early stages. There’s limited data available on its safety and long-term effects.

Navigating the Legal Landscape

As of today, THC-P remains unregulated in most parts of the United States. This lack of regulation makes it challenging for consumers to find safe and reliable products. Additionally, the legal status of THC-P can vary depending on your location.

Here at Sunset Lake CBD, our focus is on offering high-quality, farm-to-table CBD products backed by extensive research. While we keep a close eye on emerging cannabinoids like THC-P, we prioritize offering products with a well-established safety profile and clear legal standing.

The Final Note: Exploring Well-being Responsibly

The world of cannabis offers a vast array of potential therapeutic benefits, and THC-P is an exciting discovery in this ongoing exploration. However, it’s crucial to approach new cannabinoids with a sense of responsible caution. If you’re interested, prioritize your safety and well-being by doing your research and consulting with a healthcare professional before incorporating any new product into your routine.

In the meantime, Sunset Lake CBD is here to support your journey towards a calmer, more joyful life. We offer a range of high-quality CBD products scientifically recognized for their potential to promote relaxation and stress relief. Explore our collection of CBD gummies, oils, and topicals, all crafted with Vermont-grown hemp and the highest quality standards.

THCA vs THC: What’s the Difference?

Posted on by TJ

Cannabinoids, the compounds found in cannabis plants, have sparked interest for their potential health benefits. Two such compounds, tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), are often discussed. Understanding the nuances between THCA and THC is crucial, especially for those seeking natural remedies like CBD gummies and tablets for stress relief and moments of joy. In today’s article, we will into the definitions, differences, and usages of these components.

What are THCA and THC?

THCA, or tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, is a cannabinoid found in raw, unheated cannabis plants. It is the non-psychoactive precursor to THC, or tetrahydrocannabinol, which is the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis responsible for the “high” or intoxicating effects. THCA does not produce intoxicating effects on its own, but it offers its own potential health benefits.

When cannabis is heated, such as through smoking, vaping, or cooking, THCA undergoes a process called decarboxylation. This process removes a carboxyl group from the THCA molecule, converting it into THC. This is why cannabis must be heated in some way to feel its psychoactive effects.

While THCA does not produce a high, it is believed to have its own therapeutic properties. Some studies suggest that THCA may have anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antiemetic (anti-nausea) effects. However, more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of THCA.

In summary, THCA is the precursor to THC in cannabis, and while it does not produce intoxicating effects, it may offer its own therapeutic benefits.

THCA vs THC: Effects on the Body

THCA does not produce intoxicating effects, while THC does. The interaction of THC with the endocannabinoid system results in a range of effects, including euphoria, relaxation, and altered perception of time and space. In contrast, THCA is believed to have more subtle effects, primarily due to its inability to bind directly to cannabinoid receptors.

Research suggests that THC may offer potential benefits for stress relief and mood enhancement, although individual responses can vary widely. THCA, on the other hand, may offer therapeutic benefits without the psychoactive effects, making it an attractive option for those seeking symptom relief without intoxication.

Legal and Safety Considerations

The legal status of THCA vs THC varies depending on jurisdiction. THC is classified as a controlled substance in many places, while THCA may be legal in its raw form. However, it’s important to note that heating or processing THCA can convert it into THC, potentially leading to legal issues.

Legal Considerations for the State of Vermont

In the state of Vermont, the laws regarding cannabis and its compounds, such as THCA and THC, have changed significantly. THCA, which is a non-psychoactive precursor to THC, is legal in Vermont. It’s important to note the legal distinction between THCA vs THC. While THCA is not intoxicating in its raw state, products containing THC above a certain threshold are regulated under Vermont law. Vermont has permitted medical marijuana since 2004, and as of October 2022, it has also legalized adult-use cannabis for individuals aged 21 and above, making it the 11th state to do so. This means that adults can legally purchase cannabis from licensed dispensaries. However, it’s important to understand the detailed regulations on possession, cultivation, sales, and consumption to ensure compliance with state laws.

In terms of safety, both THCA and THC are generally considered safe for most people when consumed in moderation. However, THC can cause side effects such as anxiety, paranoia, and impaired memory and coordination at higher doses.

CBD vs THCA

At Sunset Lake CBD, we sell CBD products. Consider that THCA (tetrahydrocannabinolic acid) and CBD (cannabidiol) are both cannabinoids found in the cannabis plant, but they are not the same compound. THCA is a non-psychoactive precursor to THC, the compound that causes the high associated with cannabis. It is found in raw and live cannabis and converts to THC when exposed to heat through a process called decarboxylation. CBD, on the other hand, is another non-psychoactive cannabinoid known for its potential therapeutic benefits, such as anti-inflammatory and antianxiety effects. Unlike THCA, CBD does not convert into a psychoactive compound and is used in various forms for its potential health benefits without producing a high. Understanding the differences between these cannabinoids is crucial for individuals considering their use for medicinal purposes. Check out all our CBD products here.

Understanding the differences between THCA and THC is essential for making informed choices about CBD products. While THC is known for its psychoactive effects, THCA offers potential health benefits without causing intoxication. By understanding these differences, you can make informed decisions about your consumption.

THCA vs THC: Comparison with Competitors

When comparing our offerings at Sunset Lake CBD with competitors, it is essential to consider the quality and transparency of our products. Many companies in the cannabis industry focus solely on the psychoactive effects of THC, often neglecting the potential benefits of THCA. At Sunset Lake CBD, we prioritize educating our customers about the full spectrum of cannabinoids available in our products.

Competitor websites often highlight THC’s recreational use, emphasizing the “high” it produces. However, at Sunset Lake CBD, we emphasize the therapeutic benefits of both THCA and THC, providing a balanced view that caters to both recreational and medicinal users. Our products are rigorously tested for purity and potency, ensuring that our customers receive the highest quality cannabis products on the market.

Detailed Comparison: THCA and THC in Competitor Products

THCA in Competitor Products

Many competitors overlook the potential of THCA, focusing predominantly on THC and its immediate effects. However, THCA is a valuable cannabinoid with numerous potential health benefits that should not be ignored. Some competitors may include THCA in their raw cannabis products but fail to highlight its unique benefits or provide detailed information about its therapeutic properties.

THC in Competitor Products

Competitors often emphasize THC for its psychoactive properties, catering primarily to recreational users. While THC is a significant cannabinoid, it is essential to understand its effects fully and consider the potential side effects, such as anxiety and impaired memory. Many competitors may not provide comprehensive information on the safe use of THC or its legal implications, especially when it comes to products that convert THCA to THC upon heating.

Why Choose Sunset Lake CBD?

At Sunset Lake CBD, we offer a diverse range of products that cater to various needs and preferences. Our focus is not only on the psychoactive properties of THC but also on the therapeutic potential of THCA and other cannabinoids like CBD. We ensure that our products are of the highest quality, rigorously tested for safety, potency, and purity.

Our commitment to education sets us apart from competitors. We provide detailed information about each cannabinoid’s benefits, legal status, and potential side effects, empowering our customers to make informed decisions. Whether you are seeking relief from stress, pain, or other conditions, Sunset Lake CBD offers products that harness the full potential of the cannabis plant.

Understanding the differences between THCA and THC is crucial for making informed choices about cannabis products. While THC is known for its psychoactive effects, THCA offers potential health benefits without causing intoxication. By understanding these differences, you can make informed decisions about your consumption and choose the best products for your needs.

At Sunset Lake CBD, we are dedicated to providing high-quality, transparent, and educational information about our products. Whether you are new to cannabis or a seasoned user, our diverse range of products and commitment to customer education make us the ideal choice for all your cannabis needs. Now you know all about THCA vs THC.

FAQs

  1. What is the main difference between THCA and THC?
    • THCA is a non-psychoactive precursor to THC. When heated, THCA converts to THC, which is psychoactive and produces a “high.”
  2. Can THCA be used for therapeutic purposes?
    • Yes, THCA is believed to have therapeutic properties such as anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antiemetic effects, though more research is needed.
  3. Is THCA legal?
    • The legality of THCA varies by jurisdiction. In its raw form, THCA may be legal in some areas, but heating or processing it into THC could result in legal issues.
  4. How does THCA affect the body compared to THC?
    • THCA does not produce intoxicating effects, while THC interacts with the endocannabinoid system to produce euphoria, relaxation, and altered perception.
  5. What are the benefits of using CBD instead of THCA or THC?
    • CBD is another non-psychoactive cannabinoid known for its anti-inflammatory and antianxiety effects. Unlike THCA, CBD does not convert into a psychoactive compound and is used for its therapeutic benefits without causing a high.

 

How To Decarboxylate Cannabis: A Step-by-Step Guide

Posted on by TJ

Decarboxylation is the process that activates acidic cannabinoids like cannabidiolic acid (CBDa) and tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCa) into their more common forms, CBD and THC, respectively. It’s essential to know how to decarboxylate cannabis if you want to make your own edibles. This guide will walk you through the step-by-step process of decarboxylating cannabis flowers. Understanding this process will enhance your ability to create potent cannabis-infused products at home, from edibles to topicals.

What You’ll Need to Decarboxylate Cannabis Flower

To properly decarboxylate your cannabis flowers, you’ll need to gather a few essential items. Each of these tools and materials plays a crucial role in ensuring that the decarboxylation process is effective and efficient.

Cannabis Flowers

“Cannabis flowers” includes stems, trim, and small buds that you’ve collected. The most crucial part of the flower is the trichomes, where all the cannabinoids are located. These tiny, crystal-like structures are rich in the compounds you aim to activate through decarboxylation.

Oven

You’ll need access to a full-sized or countertop toaster oven, as decarboxylation requires a low and slow process. Avoid using a microwave for this, as it does not provide consistent heating and can lead to uneven results. A reliable oven allows for precise temperature control, which is vital for preserving the potency of your cannabinoids.

Cannabis Grinder (Optional)

While a cannabis grinder is not necessary, it makes evenly decarboxylating your cannabis much easier. Grinding increases the surface area of your cannabis, allowing for more uniform exposure to heat and thus more consistent decarboxylation. This step can be particularly helpful if you plan to use your decarboxylated cannabis in finely divided forms, such as oils or tinctures.

Kitchen Tools

  • Metal baking sheet or roasting pan: A sturdy baking sheet or roasting pan is essential for spreading your cannabis evenly.
  • Aluminum foil or parchment paper: These materials prevent sticking and make clean-up easier.
  • Cutting board or other clean work surface: Having a clean area to prepare your cannabis ensures that you maintain hygiene and organization during the process.
A close up of a cannabis flower's trichomes
A macro showing the trichomes on a cannabis flower. A collection of trichomes is called “kief.”

How to Decarboxylate Cannabis Flower

Now that you’ve gathered all your tools, it’s time to decarboxylate your cannabis flower. Follow these detailed steps to ensure optimal results.

Step 1: Preheat the Oven

Set your oven to “Bake” at 220°F (104°C). Using higher temperatures can boil away the cannabinoids, affecting the potency of your final product. Consistent low heat is key to converting THCa and CBDa into their active forms without losing valuable terpenes and cannabinoids.

Optional Step 2: Prepare Cannabis Flower

Grind your cannabis flower to increase the surface area and allow for a more even decarboxylation. Skip this step if you’re decarboxylating just stems or trim. However, if you opt to grind, aim for a coarse consistency to avoid burning the material.

Step 3: Prepare Your Baking Tray

Line your baking sheet or roasting pan with parchment paper or aluminum foil for easier clean-up. This step also helps in evenly distributing heat and preventing your cannabis from sticking to the pan. After step 4, you can cover your roasting pan with aluminum foil to reduce the cannabis smell and protect the terpenes.

Step 4: Spread Your Cannabis Evenly

Spread the cannabis evenly on the lined pan, ensuring not to crowd the buds. Leave spaces between unground buds for more uniform heating. This step is crucial for achieving consistent decarboxylation across all your cannabis material.

Step 5: Bake in the Oven

Place your baking sheet in the upper half of your preheated oven for 50 to 60 minutes. Older cannabis flowers may require less time. Monitor the process to ensure the cannabis doesn’t overheat, which can lead to the degradation of cannabinoids and terpenes.

You’ll know the decarboxylation is complete when your cannabis flower turns from green to amber brown. This color change indicates that the cannabinoids have been activated.

Step 6: Cool Down

Let the decarboxylated cannabis cool completely. Packing it away while still warm can introduce moisture, which may lead to mold growth. Cooling also stabilizes the cannabinoids, making them ready for storage or immediate use.

Step 7: Storage

If not using immediately, store your decarboxylated cannabis in an airtight container, like a glass Mason jar, in a cool, dark place. Proper storage helps preserve the potency and freshness of your cannabis, protecting it from light, air, and moisture.

How to Decarboxylate Cannabis for Different Effects

Once you’re comfortable with the basic decarboxylation process, you can experiment with different techniques to preserve terpenes and achieve various effects. Adjusting temperature and timing can influence the cannabinoid profile and the final product’s effects.

  • Cover your cannabis flower with foil during decarboxylation: This method can help trap terpenes, which contribute to the flavor and therapeutic properties of cannabis.
  • Lower decarboxylation temperatures and adjust timing: Experiment with temperatures around 200°F (93°C) and extend the baking time. This can help preserve more volatile compounds.
  • Decarboxylate without using heat: Although this method can take several years, it preserves all terpenes and cannabinoids. This slow, natural decarboxylation occurs through the curing and aging process.

Different cannabinoid and terpene ratios will affect your experience, so experiment until you find a recipe you like. Understanding the interaction between various compounds can help you tailor your cannabis products to your specific needs.

Terpene Boiling Points

Terpenes are aromatic compounds found in cannabis that contribute to its flavor and effects. Knowing their boiling points can help you optimize the decarboxylation process to retain these beneficial compounds.

TerpeneBoiling Point (°F)Boiling Point (°C)
Linalool388.4198.00
Limonene348.8176.00
Myrcene332.6167.00
Humulene224.6107.00
Caryophyllene266.00130.00
Pinene311.00155.00
Ocimene345.2174.00
Bisabolol307.4153.00

You’re Ready to Infuse

With your decarboxylated cannabis flower, you’re ready to infuse it into various lipids. Lipid infusion allows cannabinoids to bind with fats, making them bioavailable for consumption. This process is the basis for making cannabis-infused oils, butters, and other edibles.

For more information on making edibles and how lipid infusion works, check out our other blogs:

  • [What Is Edible THC? 5 Tips On How To Safely Enjoy Edibles]
  • [The Dos & Don’ts of Making CBD Edibles]
  • [How To Make Your Own CBD Oil In 6 Easy Steps]
  • [Hemp Edibles: Your Quick and Fun Guide To Baking With CBD]

FAQs

1. What is decarboxylation, and why is it important?

Decarboxylation is the process of heating cannabis to activate its cannabinoids, such as turning THCa into THC and CBDa into CBD. This activation is crucial for making edibles and achieving the desired psychoactive effects. Without decarboxylation, the cannabinoids remain in their acidic form, which is not as effective.

2. Can I decarboxylate cannabis in a microwave?

No, decarboxylation requires a low and slow process that is best achieved using an oven. Microwaves do not provide consistent heating and can lead to uneven decarboxylation and loss of cannabinoids. Using a microwave can also risk burning the cannabis, resulting in a loss of potency and undesirable flavors.

3. How can I reduce the smell of cannabis while decarboxylating?

Covering your baking tray with aluminum foil during decarboxylation can help reduce the smell. Additionally, using an oven with good ventilation or decarboxylating in a well-ventilated area can help manage the aroma. You can also try using an air purifier or cooking other fragrant foods simultaneously to mask the cannabis smell.

4. How should I store decarboxylated cannabis?

Store decarboxylated cannabis in an airtight container, like a glass Mason jar, and keep it in a cool, dark place. Proper storage helps preserve the potency and freshness of your cannabis. Avoid exposure to light, air, and moisture to maintain its quality over time.

5. Can I decarboxylate cannabis without using heat?

Yes, you can decarboxylate cannabis without heat, but this method can take several years. Heat is the most efficient way to decarboxylate cannabis quickly and effectively. Slow, natural decarboxylation can occur through long-term storage, but it’s impractical for immediate use.

Can Cannabinoids Go Bad? Understanding Cannabinoid Oxidation

Posted on by TJ

What does the “best by” date on your jar of hemp flower mean? Can the cannabinoids—the active ingredients inside—expire? The short answer is, yes, sort of. While the flower itself isn’t going to go bad for quite some time, the cannabinoids that you’re buying the flower for (whether CBD or THC) can oxidize and lose potency. Understanding cannabinoid oxidation and its factors is crucial to keeping your flower fresh and stable.

In this post, we’re going to cover:

  • What cannabinoid oxidation is
  • How oxidation changes THC and CBD
  • How to prevent your flower from oxidizing

What is Cannabinoid Oxidation?

Oxidation is a chemical process that occurs when cannabinoids are exposed to environmental factors, mainly air, UV light, and heat. Oxidation has more than a few definitions, but when we talk about organic compounds like cannabinoids, we mean that the cannabinoid is either losing hydrogen (H) atoms or gaining oxygen (O) atoms.

Understanding the oxidation process is essential for anyone using hemp or cannabis products. The stability of these products directly affects their efficacy, and knowing how to store them properly can make a significant difference in their longevity.

The Science Behind Oxidation

Oxidation is a common process that affects many organic compounds. In the case of cannabinoids, oxidation can lead to the degradation of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol), two of the most well-known and studied cannabinoids. This degradation can result in the formation of new compounds, which may have different effects and benefits compared to the original cannabinoids.

Cannabinoid Oxidation is Not Decarboxylation

While heat can play a major role in both oxidation and decarboxylation, the two processes are not the same. Decarboxylation occurs when we use heat to make an acidic cannabinoid like CBDa drop its extra carboxyl ring group (COOH) and activate it so that our endocannabinoid system can use it.

Oxidation is a slower process and can happen to both acidic cannabinoids and activated cannabinoids (with much different results!). Understanding the distinction between these two processes is crucial for anyone looking to maximize the benefits of their hemp or cannabis products.

The Role of Heat in Cannabinoid Processing

Heat is an essential factor in both oxidation and decarboxylation. However, the effects of heat on cannabinoids vary depending on the temperature and duration of exposure. While decarboxylation typically requires higher temperatures over a shorter period, oxidation can occur at lower temperatures over a more extended period. This distinction highlights the importance of proper storage conditions to maintain the quality of your cannabinoids.

What Causes Cannabinoids to Oxidize?

Several environmental factors can cause the cannabinoids in your hemp to oxidize. Most of them relate to how you store your hemp.

UV Light Exposure

UV light can accelerate the oxidation process. When you expose hemp flower and cannabis to light, high-energy photons bombard the cannabinoids within and can break off hydrogen atoms. This exposure can significantly reduce the potency of your cannabinoids over time.

Air Exposure

Oxygen, like in the air we breathe (O₂), can also react with cannabinoids in your hemp flower. Cannabinoids, being organic compounds, can experience oxidative stress just like our bodies. This oxidative stress can lead to the breakdown of cannabinoids, resulting in a loss of potency and efficacy.

Learn more about how functional mushrooms can help reduce oxidative stress.

Excessive Heat

Higher temperatures can accelerate chemical reactions like oxidation. If your hemp or cannabis flower is exposed to heat (like in the trunk of your hot car), it may lose some potency! Heat increases the kinetic energy of molecules, which can lead to more frequent and intense reactions, including oxidation.

Related: Can CBD Oil Expire?

Humidity and Moisture

In addition to UV light, air, and heat, humidity and moisture can also impact the stability of cannabinoids. Excess moisture can create an environment conducive to mold growth, which can further degrade the quality of your hemp or cannabis flower. Keeping your product dry and in a controlled environment is essential for maintaining its integrity.

Oxidized Cannabinoids: THC and CBD

The two best-known cannabinoids, THC and CBD, are both sensitive to oxidation and can turn into different cannabinoids altogether.

THC Oxidation: Drop the “TH”

When we expose THC to the elements, it can oxidize and turn into cannabinol (CBN). This transformation not only affects THC’s psychoactive properties, but CBN can also counteract some of the unwanted side effects of THC consumption.

THC (C₂₁H₃₀O₂) > oxidation > CBN (C₂₁H₂₆O₂)

CBN isn’t necessarily a bad byproduct, though. Some research suggests that this unique cannabinoid may have a host of benefits all on its own. We here at Sunset Lake have combined CBN together with CBD to make our best-selling CBN-infused Sleep Gummies, as it’s believed that the two together with melatonin can help get you to bed.

Sunset Lake CBD Sleep Gummies with CBN (oxidized THC) and CBD on a blue background

CBD Oxidation: Add a “Q”

Unlike THC and CBN, when we expose CBD to the elements, it can oxidize into hydroxyquinone (HU-331) and potentially other cannabinoids we have yet to isolate and discover.

CBD (C₂₁H₃₀O₂) > oxidation > HU-331 (C₂₁H₂₈O₃)

HU-331 is a fascinating molecule that’s been shown to have an effect against oncogenic human cells. Without getting too much into the medical nitty-gritty, let’s just say cancer researchers should pay some extra attention to CBD oxidation and all of the derivatives it produces.

The Impact of Oxidation on Cannabinoid Efficacy

The transformation of cannabinoids through oxidation can significantly impact their efficacy. While some oxidized cannabinoids may retain beneficial properties, others may not be as effective. Understanding these changes can help users make informed decisions about their hemp and cannabis products.

How to Slow Cannabinoid Oxidation

Because oxidation is also a function of time, it’s important to note that we can’t stop the process completely. That said, there’s plenty you can do to slow down the process and protect your cannabinoids.

Airtight Containers

When choosing storage containers for your hemp or cannabis flower, choose a container with an airtight seal like a mason jar with a matching top or rubberized Tupperware. These containers can help minimize exposure to oxygen and other environmental factors that can accelerate oxidation.

In the Dark

If your chosen container is see-through, you’ll also want to store your flower in a dark place away from natural light. Better yet, you can store your flower in an opaque container in the dark. Reducing exposure to UV light can significantly slow the oxidation process and preserve the potency of your cannabinoids.

Cool Places

Keep your cannabis and hemp flower in places with cool, stable temperatures. That means don’t store it in your car trunk or your bathroom’s medicine cabinet. Instead, store your airtight, opaque containers in a basement or air-conditioned closet. Temperature stability is key to maintaining the quality of your cannabinoids over time.

Humidity Control

Using humidity control packs can help maintain the ideal moisture level in your storage containers. These packs can absorb excess moisture or release moisture as needed to keep your hemp or cannabis flower in optimal condition. Proper humidity control can prevent mold growth and further degradation of your product.

Regular Monitoring

Regularly check your stored hemp or cannabis flower for signs of degradation. Look for changes in color, smell, and texture, which can indicate oxidation or other issues. Early detection can help you take corrective actions to preserve your product’s quality.

The Benefits of Proper Storage

Proper storage of hemp and cannabis products can extend their shelf life and preserve their potency. By understanding the factors that contribute to oxidation and taking steps to mitigate them, you can ensure that your cannabinoids remain effective for as long as possible.

Comparing Storage Techniques

Different storage techniques can have varying impacts on the stability of cannabinoids. For example, vacuum sealing and refrigeration can offer additional protection against oxidation. Comparing these methods can help you determine the best approach for your specific needs.

Long-Term Storage Solutions

For those looking to store hemp or cannabis products for extended periods, consider using vacuum-sealed bags or investing in a dedicated storage solution. These methods can provide an extra layer of protection against environmental factors that contribute to oxidation.

FAQs

What is cannabinoid oxidation?

  • Cannabinoid oxidation is a chemical process where cannabinoids lose hydrogen atoms or gain oxygen atoms when exposed to environmental factors like air, UV light, and heat.

How does oxidation affect THC and CBD?

  • Oxidation can transform THC into cannabinol (CBN), altering its psychoactive properties. CBD can oxidize into hydroxyquinone (HU-331), which may have unique biological effects.

What can cause cannabinoids to oxidize?

  • Cannabinoids can oxidize due to exposure to UV light, air, excessive heat, and humidity. Proper storage can mitigate these factors.

How can I prevent my hemp flower from oxidizing?

  • Store your hemp flower in airtight containers, keep it in the dark, maintain it in cool, stable temperatures, and control humidity levels to slow down oxidation.

Is oxidized THC or CBD harmful?

  • Oxidized cannabinoids like CBN and HU-331 are not necessarily harmful and may have unique benefits. However, they do differ in properties from their non-oxidized forms.

What Is THCV & What Is It Used For?

Posted on by Rev Baker

The hemp plant produces over a hundred different cannabinoids, but as of now, researchers have only just scratched the surface when it comes to their potential benefits. Some of these cannabinoids you may be familiar with, like CBD, THC, and CBN. Lately, there has been a lot of media attention on the “varin” family of molecules, like cannabivarin (CBDV) and tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV). Specifically, some articles have dubbed THCV “diet weed” citing claims that THCV might help with weight loss.

In this post, we’ll discuss: 

  • What it is, 
  • How it’s different from THC, 
  • And, THCV’s potential benefits

Continue reading “What Is THCV & What Is It Used For?”

CBD vs. THC: Differences and Similarities

Posted on by TJ

As more and more of us are introduced to cannabis flower and cannabis products, the topic of CBD vs. THC comes up quite a bit. Both are naturally occurring compounds (cannabinoids) in the Cannabis Sativa L. plant. Both interact with your body’s native endocannabinoid system. So what’s the difference between CBD and THC? 

In the rest of this post, we’ll cover,

  • The differences between CBD vs. THC
  • The similarities
  • Other common cannabinoid questions

Continue reading “CBD vs. THC: Differences and Similarities”

Where Did 420 Come From?

Posted on by TJ

You needn’t be a big smoker to know that April 20 (4/20) is an international holiday. But few know how the number 420 became synonymous with recreational THC-cannabis use, or who popularized the date April 20th as the “marijuana holiday.”

Where Did ‘420’ Come From?

There are many folk tales about how 420 gained its significance, like:

  • It refers to the number of chemical compounds (cannabinoids) found in the cannabis plant.

  • If you take the Bob Dylan song “Rainy Day Women #12 & 35” and multiply the numbers, you get 420.

  • The number comes from the U.S. House Bill to legalize THC cannabis.

  • It’s the code among police officers to refer to “marijuana smoking in progress.”

  • It’s named for the day Bob Marley died (he passed on May 11th)

  • April 20th is the best time of year to plant your cannabis (This may be true, depending on your climate)

The History of ‘420’

The most believable story takes us back to San Rafael, California in 1971. It was here, in a small Bay area city, where a group of high school friends, lovingly named “Waldos” for their affinity for leaning on walls, started smoking cannabis.

Nixon’s War on Drugs started the same year as a means to control organized youth movements and political opponents of the Vietnam War. Cannabis, a favorite among the coming-of-age baby boomer generation became the top target.

The Waldos needed some way to communicate with one another about their after-school intentions. “4:20 Louis” meant ‘meet at the campus’s statue of Louis Pasteur after class.

One Waldo is quoted in the San Francisco Chronicle as saying “[420] was just a joke, but it came to mean all kinds of things, like, ‘Do you have any?’ or ‘Do I look stoned?”

How ‘420’ Went Mainstream

One of the Waldos, Dave Reddix, would go on to work with the Grateful Dead’s Phil Lesh as a roadie. The band is believed to help popularize ‘420’ among its audiences, even going so far in 1990, as to hand out flyers that invited fans to smoke ‘420’ on April 20 at 4:20 ᴘ.ᴍ.

As Deadheads traveled, so too did ‘420.’ A year after the flyer in 1990, a reporter for High Times Magazine printed the invitation and the number picked up steam, continuing to grow over the last 30 years.

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